{"id":3405,"date":"2025-10-04T06:50:04","date_gmt":"2025-10-04T05:50:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/?page_id=3405"},"modified":"2025-12-30T21:10:53","modified_gmt":"2025-12-30T20:10:53","slug":"t-xxii-2025-%e2%84%96-4","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/?page_id=3405","title":{"rendered":"T. XXII (2025), \u2116\u00a04"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-3551\" src=\"http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/OKLADKA_WRH_2025_no4-01-706x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"706\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/OKLADKA_WRH_2025_no4-01-706x1024.jpg 706w, http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/OKLADKA_WRH_2025_no4-01-207x300.jpg 207w, http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/OKLADKA_WRH_2025_no4-01-768x1114.jpg 768w, http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/OKLADKA_WRH_2025_no4-01-1059x1536.jpg 1059w, http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/OKLADKA_WRH_2025_no4-01-1412x2048.jpg 1412w, http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/OKLADKA_WRH_2025_no4-01-scaled.jpg 1765w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 706px) 100vw, 706px\" \/><\/p>\r\n<h3><strong>WSCHODNI ROCZNIK HUMANISTYCZNY<\/strong><br \/>TOM XXII (2025) No 4, Nauki o polityce,<br \/>pod redakcj\u0105 Andrzeja Szabaciuka.<\/h3>\r\n<h3><strong>EASTERN HUMANISTIC ANNALS<\/strong><br \/>vol. XXII (2024), No 4, Political Sciences,<br \/>edited by Andrzej Szabaciuk.<\/h3>\r\n<p><strong>Editorial Council<br \/><\/strong>prof.\u00a0<strong>Rolf Fieguth\u00a0<\/strong>(Universit\u00e9 de Fribourg \/ Universit\u00e4t Freiburg, Switzerland), prof. PhD\u00a0<strong>Gediminas Kaz\u0117nas\u00a0<\/strong>(Mykolas Romeris University, Vilnius, Lithuania), PhD\u00a0<strong>Jussi Laine\u00a0<\/strong>(University of Eastern Finland), prof.\u00a0<strong>Sigistas Narbutas\u00a0<\/strong>(Scientific Library Wr\u00f3blewscy in Vilnius, Lithuania), PhD\u00a0<strong>Janusz Nowak\u00a0<\/strong>(The Princes Czartoryski Library. National Museum in Krakow, Poland), PhD\u00a0<strong>Pierre-Etienne Penot\u00a0<\/strong>(The Catholic University of the Vandee, La Roche-sur-Yon, France), prof.\u00a0<strong>Miros\u0142aw Piotrowski<\/strong>, (The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland), prof.\u00a0<strong>Marek Plewczy\u0144ski<\/strong>\u00a0(University of Siedlce, Poland), prof.\u00a0<strong>Krzysztof Skupie\u0144ski\u00a0<\/strong>(Maria Curie-Sk\u0142odowska University in Lublin, Poland), PhD\u00a0<strong>George Soroka\u00a0<\/strong>(Harvard University, \u00a0USA), prof.\u00a0<strong>Maria Starnawska<\/strong>\u00a0(University of Siedlce, Poland), prof.\u00a0<strong>Tadeusz M. Trajdos\u00a0<\/strong>(Institute of History, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland), prof.\u00a0<strong>Marek Wagner\u00a0<\/strong>(University of Siedlce).<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Editorial Staff<br \/><\/strong>EDITOR IN CHIEF:\u00a0<strong>Ludmila Posokhova (Kharkiv)<\/strong>; VICE-EDITOR:\u00a0<strong>Dariusz Magier (Siedlce)<\/strong>; EXECUTIVE SECRETARY:\u00a0<strong>Artur G\u00f3rak (Warszawa)<\/strong>. <br \/>SECTION EDITORS: Historical Studies \u2013\u00a0<strong>Yulia Kiselova<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>(Kharkiv)<\/strong><strong>,<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>Krzysztof Latawiec (Lublin)<\/strong>; Philosophy \u2013 vacat; Political Sciences and Administration \u2013\u00a0<strong>Andrzej Szabaciuk<\/strong>\u00a0(Lublin).<br \/>LANGUAGE EDITORS<strong>: Robert St\u0119pie\u0144<\/strong>\u00a0(English),\u00a0<strong>Przemys\u0142aw Tytus Krupski<\/strong>\u00a0(Polish),<strong>\u00a0Artur G\u00f3rak\u00a0<\/strong>(Russian).<br \/>GRAPHIC DESIGN AND TECHNICAL EDITING:\u00a0<strong>Przemys\u0142aw Tytus Krupski.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>Founded by: Towarzystwo Nauki i Kultury \u201eLibra\u201d<br \/>\u00a9 ToNiK \u201eLibra\u201d<br \/>ISSN 1731-982X<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p><strong><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/0007-1-300x133-1.jpg\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><strong>Maciej Mr\u00f3z<\/strong> (Uniwersytet Wroc\u0142awski)<\/span><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/01_Mroz_WRH_XXII_04.pdf\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">Polsko-litewskie partnerstwo strategiczne<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><em>Polish-Lithuanian<\/em> <em>Strategic<\/em> <em>Partnership<br \/><\/em>WRH, t. XXII, \u2116 4, s. 9-22<em><br \/><\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><strong>Andrzej Gil<\/strong> (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski)<br \/><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/02_Gil_WRH_XXII_04.pdf\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">W cieniu wielkiej polityki. Dekanat be\u0142ski greckokatolickiej eparchii przemyskiej na tle przemian pogranicza polsko-ukrai\u0144skiego w latach 1939-1951<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><em>In the Shadow of Great Politics. <\/em><em>The Belz Deanery of the Greek Catholic Eparchy of Przemy\u015bl<\/em><em> Against the Background of Changes in the Polish-Ukrainian Borderland in 1939\u20131951<br \/>WRH, t. XXII, \u2116 4, s. 23-50<br \/><\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><strong>Miros\u0142aw Habowski<\/strong> (Uniwersytet Wroc\u0142awski)<br \/><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/03_Habowski_WRH_XXII_04.pdf\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">Rosja \u2013 zagro\u017cenie czy partner dialogu? Rosja w debatach Sejmu VIII kadencji (2015-2019)<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><em>Russia \u2013 A Threat or a Dialogue Partner? Russia in the Debates<\/em><em> of the 8th Term Sejm (2015\u20132019)<br \/>WRH, t. XXII, \u2116 4, s. 51-76<br \/><\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><strong>Bogus\u0142aw Grodzki<\/strong> (Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Sk\u0142odowskiej)<br \/><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/04_Grodzki_WRH_XXII_04.pdf\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">Budowa\u0142am barykad\u0119 \u2013 Anny \u015awirszczy\u0144skiej obrachunki z \u201eostatnim polskim powstaniem\u201d<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><em>\u201eBuilding the Barricade\u201d \u2013 Anna \u015awirszczy\u0144ska\u2019s Reckoning<\/em><em> with the \u201eLast Polish Uprising\u201d<br \/>WRH, t. XXII, \u2116 4, s. 77-90<br \/><\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><strong>Wojciech Kruszelnicki<\/strong> (Uniwersytet \u015al\u0105ski)<br \/><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/05_Kruszelnicki_WRH_XXII_04.pdf\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">Idee postmodernizmu w edukacji i pedagogice wsp\u00f3\u0142czesnej<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><em>Ideas<\/em> <em>of<\/em> <em>Postmodernism<\/em> <em>in<\/em> <em>Contemporary<\/em> <em>Education<\/em> <em>and<\/em> <em>Pedagogy<br \/>WRH, t. XXII, \u2116 4, s. 91-112<br \/><\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><strong>Helena Giebie\u0144, Larysa Leshchenko<\/strong> (Uniwersytet Wroc\u0142awski)<br \/><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/06_Geben_WRH_XXII_04.pdf\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">Skutki rosyjsko-ukrai\u0144skiej wojny dla \u015brodowiska naturalnego Ukrainy oraz pa\u0144stw s\u0105siaduj\u0105cych<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><em>The Environmental Consequences of the Russo-Ukrainian War for Ukraine<\/em><em> and Neighboring Countries<br \/>WRH, t. XXII, \u2116 4, s. 113-140<br \/><\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><strong>Micha\u0142 Paszkowski<\/strong> (Instytut Europy \u015arodkowej)<br \/><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/07_Paszkowski_WRH_XXII_04.pdf\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">Reorientacja, czy stagnacja? Optyka Rosji w programach wyborczych Prawa i Sprawiedliwo\u015bci z lat 2005-2023<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><em>Reorientation or Stagnation? <\/em><em>The Perspective on Russia in the Electoral Programs<\/em><em> of Law and Justice (PiS) from 2005\u20132023<br \/>WRH, t. XXII, \u2116 4, s. 141-152<br \/><\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><strong>Piotr Kosiorek<\/strong> (Uniwersytet Wroc\u0142awski)<br \/><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/08_Kosiorek_WRH_XXII_04.pdf\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">Humanitarian Aid as an Instrument of Warfare: The Role of the Gaza Humanitarian Foundation in Strategies of Control and Depopulation of the Palestinian People in the Gaza Strip<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><em>Pomoc humanitarna jako narz\u0119dzie wojny: Rola Gaza Humanitarian Foundation<\/em><em> w strategiach kontroli i depopulacji ludno\u015bci palesty\u0144skiej w Strefie Gazy<br \/>WRH, t. XXII, \u2116 4, s. 153-172<br \/><\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><strong>Martinas Malu\u017cinas, Ewa Maria W\u0142odyka<\/strong> (Politechnika Koszali\u0144ska)<br \/><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/09_Maluzinas_WRH_XXII_04.pdf\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">Cybersecurity analysis of the mobile application \u201eTikTok\u201d in Poland compared to other countries 2016-2022<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><em>Analiza z punktu widzenia cyberbezpiecze\u0144stwa aplikacji mobilnej \u201eTikTok\u201d w Polsce na tle innych kraj\u00f3w w latach 2016\u20132022<br \/>WRH, t. XXII, \u2116 4, s. 173-188<br \/><\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><strong>Anna \u0141\u0105czy\u0144ska-Reigstad<\/strong> (Uniwersytet Wroc\u0142awski)<br \/><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/10_Reigstad_WRH_XXII_04.pdf\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">Komunikacja strategiczna jako element walki z rosyjsk\u0105 dezinformacj\u0105<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><em>Strategic<\/em> <em>Communication<\/em> <em>as<\/em> <em>an<\/em> <em>Element<\/em> <em>of<\/em> <em>the<\/em> <em>Fight<\/em> <em>Against<\/em> <em>Russian<\/em> <em>Disinformation<br \/>WRH, t. XXII, \u2116 4, s. 189-200<br \/><\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><strong>Bartosz Gromko<\/strong> (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski)<br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/11_Gromko_WRH_XXII_04.pdf\">Towarzystwo Przyja\u017ani W\u0142ochy \u2013 Polska. Kultura w s\u0142u\u017cbie propagandy PRL (w latach 1951-1982)<\/a><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><em>The Italy\u2013Poland Friendship Society. Culture in the Service of Propaganda<\/em><em> of<\/em> <em>the<\/em> <em>Polish<\/em> <em>People\u2019s<\/em> <em>Republic<\/em> <em>(1951\u20131982)<br \/>WRH, t. XXII, \u2116 1, s.\u00a0<br \/><\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><strong>Marcin Sienkiewicz<\/strong> (Uniwersytet Wroc\u0142awski)<br \/><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/12_Sienkiewicz_WRH_XXII_04.pdf\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">Kryzys gazowy w Unii Europejskiej w latach 2021-2022 \u2013 przyczyny, przebieg i konsekwencje<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><em>The Gas Crisis in the European Union in 2021\u20132022 \u2013 Causes, Course, and Consequences<br \/>WRH, t. XXII, \u2116 4, s. 201-218<br \/><\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><strong>Beata<\/strong> <strong>Cybulak,<\/strong> <strong>Tomasz<\/strong> <strong>St\u0119pniewski<\/strong> (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski)<br \/><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/13_Cybulak_WRH_XXII_04.pdf\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">Stabilno\u015b\u0107 wsp\u00f3\u0142pracy transgranicznej w zakresie bezpiecze\u0144stwa. Organizacje realizuj\u0105ce projekty Programu Polska-Bia\u0142oru\u015b-Ukraina 2007-2013 i 2014-2020<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><em>Stability<\/em> <em>of<\/em> <em>Cross-Border<\/em> <em>Cooperation<\/em> <em>in<\/em> <em>the<\/em> <em>Field<\/em> <em>of<\/em> <em>Security. Organizations Implementing Projects of the Poland-Belarus-Ukraine Program<\/em><em> 2007\u20132013 and 2014\u20132020<br \/>WRH, t. XXII, \u2116 4, s. 2019-240<br \/><\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><strong>Grzegorz Tokarz<\/strong> (Uniwersytet Wroc\u0142awski)<br \/><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/14_Tokarz_WRH_XXII_04.pdf\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">Raport Zespo\u0142u ds. Dezinformacji Komisji ds. badania wp\u0142yw\u00f3w rosyjskich i bia\u0142oruskich. Mi\u0119dzy bezpiecze\u0144stwem, cenzur\u0105 i manipulacj\u0105<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><em>Report of the Disinformation Team of the Commission for Investigating Russian<\/em><em> and Belarusian Influences. <\/em><em>Between Security, Censorship, and Manipulation<br \/>WRH, t. XXII, \u2116 4, s. 241-262<br \/><\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><strong>Ewa Lecka, Marta Sl\u00e1vik<\/strong> (Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Sk\u0142odowskiej)<br \/><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/15_Lecka_WRH_XXII_04.pdf\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">Aktywno\u015b\u0107 cyfrowa spo\u0142ecze\u0144stwa polskiego w \u015bwietle statystyki publicznej<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><em>Digital<\/em> <em>Activity<\/em> <em>of<\/em> <em>Polish<\/em> <em>Society<\/em> <em>in<\/em> <em>the<\/em> <em>Light<\/em> <em>of<\/em> <em>Public<\/em> <em>Statistics<br \/>WRH, t. XXII, \u2116 4, s. 275-294<br \/><\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><strong>Natalia Kowcz<\/strong> (Uniwersytet Wroc\u0142awski)<br \/><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/16_Kowcz_WRH_XXII_04.pdf\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">Rola organizacji pozarz\u0105dowych w kszta\u0142towaniu to\u017csamo\u015bci narodowej mniejszo\u015bci polskiej na Litwie z perspektywy Zwi\u0105zku Harcerstwa Polskiego na Litwie<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><em>The Role of Non-Governmental Organizations in Shaping the National Identity<\/em><em> of<\/em> <em>the<\/em> <em>Polish<\/em> <em>Minority<\/em> <em>in<\/em> <em>Lithuania<\/em> <em>from<\/em> <em>the<\/em> <em>Perspective<\/em> <em>of<\/em> <em>the<\/em> <em>Polish<\/em> <em>Scouting <\/em><em>and Guiding Association in Lithuania<br \/>WRH, t. XXII, \u2116 4, s. 295-308<br \/><\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-3549\" src=\"http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Varia-300x117-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"269\" height=\"105\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><strong>Andrzej Nowakowski<\/strong> (Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Sk\u0142odowskiej)<\/span><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/wrh.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/18_Nowakowski_WRH_XXII_04.pdf\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">W obronie zasady alternatywnych mo\u017cliwo\u015bci<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><em>In<\/em> <em>Defense<\/em> <em>of<\/em> <em>the<\/em> <em>Principle<\/em> <em>of<\/em> <em>Alternative<\/em> <em>Possibilities<br \/>WRH, t. XXII, \u2116 4, s. 309-317.<br \/><\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>WSCHODNI ROCZNIK HUMANISTYCZNYTOM XXII (2025) No 4, Nauki o polityce,pod redakcj\u0105 Andrzeja Szabaciuka. EASTERN HUMANISTIC ANNALSvol. XXII (2024), No 4, Political Sciences,edited by Andrzej Szabaciuk. Editorial Councilprof.\u00a0Rolf Fieguth\u00a0(Universit\u00e9 de Fribourg \/ Universit\u00e4t Freiburg, Switzerland), prof. PhD\u00a0Gediminas Kaz\u0117nas\u00a0(Mykolas Romeris University, Vilnius, Lithuania), PhD\u00a0Jussi Laine\u00a0(University of Eastern Finland), prof.\u00a0Sigistas Narbutas\u00a0(Scientific Library Wr\u00f3blewscy in Vilnius, Lithuania), PhD\u00a0Janusz Nowak\u00a0(The [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":52,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3405","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>T. 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